PRIMARY SOURCES ON THE INTERNET

 

What are primary sources?

Primary sources are original records created at the time historical events occurred or well after events in the form of memoirs and oral histories. Primary sources may include letters, manuscripts, diaries, journals, newspapers, speeches, interviews, memoirs, documents produced by government agencies such as Congress or the Office of the President, photographs, audio recordings, moving pictures or video recordings, research data, and objects or artifacts such as works of art or ancient roads, buildings, tools, and weapons

 

WHY USE PRIMARY SOURCES

·     Encourage critical thinking

·     Develop knowledge and analytical skills

·     Support facts

·     Infer information not directly stated

·     Debate different interpretations of the past

·     To understand different perspectives

 

ON-LINE PRIMARY SOURCES

The traditional use of sources available in print and microfilm continues to be the foundation for research, but in some cases documents, letters, maps, photographs of ancient artifacts and other primary material are available online in different formats from free websites or subscription services on the internet. Users of primary sources have always needed to examine their sources critically, but now with the proliferation of electronic resources from a wide variety of web site producers, evaluation is more important than ever before. Users of web resources must now consider the authenticity of documents, what person or organization is the internet provider, and whether the electronic version serves their needs.

WEB SITES FOR PRIMARY SOURCES

EuroDocs:  Primary Historical Documents From Western Europe:  Selected Transcriptions, Facsimiles and Translations http://www.lib.byu.edu/~rdh/eurodocs/

 

NYPL Digital Gallery:  A searchable database presenting tens of thousands of digital images from The Library's collections including illuminated manuscripts, historical maps, rare prints and photographs, and more.

http://www.nypl.org/digital/

 

Gallica:  Gallica propose un accès à 70 000 ouvrages numérisés, à plus de 80 000 images et à plusieurs dizaines d'heures de ressources sonores. Cet ensemble constitue l'une des plus importantes bibliothèques numériques accessibles gratuitement sur l'Internet.

http://gallica.bnf.fr

 

Making of America (MoA):   is a digital library of primary sources in American social history from the antebellum period through reconstruction. The collection is particularly strong in the subject areas of education, psychology, American history, sociology, religion, and science and technology. The collection currently contains approximately 8,500 books and 50,000 journal articles with 19th century imprints

http://www.hti.umich.edu/m/moagrp/

 

American Memory:  American Memory provides free and open access through the Internet to written and spoken words, sound recordings, still and moving images, prints, maps, and sheet music that document the American experience. It is a digital record of American history and creativity. These materials, from the collections of the Library of Congress and other institutions, chronicle historical events, people, places, and ideas that continue to shape America, serving the public as a resource for education and lifelong learning.

http://lcweb2.loc.gov/ammem/

 

 

The National Security Archive:  combines a unique range of functions in one non governmental, non-profit institution. The Archive is simultaneously a research institute on international affairs, a library and archive of declassified U.S. documents obtained through the Freedom of Information Act, a public interest law firm defending and expanding public access to government information through the FOIA, and an indexer and publisher of the documents in books, microfiche, and electronic formats.

http://www2.gwu.edu/~nsarchiv/index.html

 

 

Electronic Briefing Books: National Security Archive Electronic Briefing Books provide online access to critical declassified records on issues including U.S. national security, foreign policy, diplomatic and military history, intelligence policy, and more.  Updated frequently, the Electronic Briefing Books represent just a small sample of the documents in our published and unpublished collections.

http://www2.gwu.edu/~nsarchiv/NSAEBB/index.html

 

 

Disability Rights and Independent Living Movement:  Discover our rich collection of primary sources exploring the social and political history of the disability movement from the 1960s to the present.

http://bancroft.berkeley.edu/collections/drilm/

 

 

Repositories of Primary Sources: A listing of over 5000 websites describing holdings of manuscripts, archives, rare books, historical photographs, and other primary sources for the research scholar.

http://www.uidaho.edu/special-collections/Other.Repositories.html

 

 

Smithonian  Digital Collections (science):

http://web4.si.edu/sil/digitalcollections/browse_results_selected.cfm

 

The Internet Archive:The Internet Archive is building a digital library of Internet sites and other cultural artifacts in digital form. Like a paper library, we provide free access to researchers, historians, scholars, and the general public.

http://www.archive.org

 

Sounds of History : Welcome to Sounds of History, a collection of recorded sounds that define the twentieth century (with a few lagniappes from the 19th and the 21st   The Sampler Room offers some annotated highlights from the other rooms, listed chronologically.   The Main Listening Room houses the bulk of the collection, listed in order of speaker's name.   The Churchill and Roosevelt room holds numerous speeches by those two extraordinary statesmen.   And We interrupt this program... is where you'll find radio announcers reading historic news bulletins. There are over three hundred recordings here; some are brief sound bytes and others last over an hour. So whether your taste runs to Thomas Edison reciting Mary Had a Little Lamb or to oral arguments before the U.S. Supreme Court in the case of Roe v. Wade, be prepared to enjoy some fascinating listening.

http://www.soundsofhistory.com

 

Primary Source Digital Archives and Collections:  Documents, images, recordings, diaries, letters, drawings, and memoirs, created by those who participated in or witnessed the events of the past, tell us something that even the best-written article or book cannot convey. The effective use of primary sources exposes us to important historical events and concepts, and engages our higher order thought processes of analysis, evaluation, synthesis and problem solving. 

http://dewey.chs.chico.k12.ca.us/primary.html

 

 

National Public Radio Programs and Schedules

http://www.npr.org/programs/

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Riverside Brookfield High School

Helen Harper and Christine Stiel

January 15, 2005